PART I
PRELIMINARY
A. BACKGROUND The contemporary world shows logical organization increasingly complex to understand and paradoxical effects on the individual: it feels increasingly subject to logic, but also free to interpret, express and build their own individuality, rather than in the past. The problems faced by citizens both locally and globally is the theoretical formulation in a number of core philosophy that raises new issues clear and profound. And this limitation is not a reflection of reality but is essentially a dialogue between past and present in an attempt to outline the future. Thus, contemporary philosophy includes
rereading, reinterpretation, transformations and recreation that is us as humans from the earliest times until our present history. Genealogy of our present allows us to advance, so in the search for additional and new ways of thinking. The specialization in Contemporary Philosophy is a privileged space as possible to tackle some of the major debates and contemporary problems through the minds of the most influential philosophers in contemporary times.
B. RUMUSA PROBLEM Based on the above background, this paper-making formula is as follows:
1. Is it a philosophy?
2. What are the limits of modern-contemporary?
3. How arat and contemporary philosophy in Islam?
4. Who figures - figures kotemporer philosophy?
C. OBJECTIVES In this simple paper, the authors will attempt to describe contemporary philosophy in the West and Islam. Descriptively explained multiple streams / sects of philosophy and philosophers, as well as his thoughts. How does this impact on Islam in the contemporary era, a period of revival? With the hope of a simple description is to serve as a motivation towards renewal.
CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION
A. Understanding Philosophy, etymologically a loan word from Greek, Philoshopia, which means 'Philo' is love, while 'shopia' means wisdom or wisdom. So can we draw conclusions, love the wisdom that is the philosophy of science. However, when we look from a practical standpoint, it means that the mind or nature to think, philosophize means to think deeply and seriously. Being the word "contemporary" itself has a very close correlation with the "modern". Two words that have no future with certainty fragment. "Contemporary" is contemporary, at the same time and the present. Semenatara "modern" was now already past, but is relevansif until now. Because there is no permanence in kontemperer era, modern elapsed from the present moment can not be called contemporary. Contemporary philosophy can also be interpreted in that way, that way of looking and thinking deeply concerning life during this time. This contemporary philosophy often associated with postmodernism, because postmodernism which means "after modern" is a logical result of the contemporary era. Postmodernism presupposes freedom, and do not always have to be symmetrical. Examples of postmodern art building not too concerned with aspects of the balance in the form of the building, but pleased that construct or the corresponding request. Returning again to the idea of contemporary art moved from earlier buildings, as well as the contemporary philosophical thought is free. Freedom in using theory, respond to, and criticized for the freedom of an original thing. Therefore, contemporary philosophy is an extension of human thought from common things become very specific and related to other special things.
B. Flow of Thought of Contemporary Western Philosophy. In the era of "modern" Western nations -dilewati post Immanuel Kant, two and a half centuries ago the western nations live with the concept of a new value system, socio-cultural structure is the same, with previous pre-requisite Rational, also with original characteristics. As far as relevant contemporary western philosophical thought periodically, there are several schools of thought dominant lively. First, the typology of structuralism. This typology focuses on society as a system, where certain phenomena-fenommena describe "a complete social reality.", Or the foundation of epistemology (canguilhen) will shift the core discussion of essentialist thinking about society and knowledge to the discourse that sees it as ciri- structural characteristics of this phenomenon, either differential or relational characteristics. This typology is represented by Gaston Bachelard, an epistemological, philosophers of science and teoritisasi about imagination. He was a key figure of the generation of structuralist and post-srukturalis in the postwar era. George Canguilhem, a pioneer of the philosophy of knowledge, rationality and of the concept-philosophy of the foundation is more viscous. Furthermore, the father of psychoanalysis, Sigmund Freud (1856-1939 AD) is a highly controversial figure with the hypothesis that a very terrible. Especially for the theologians who saw Freud just as atheists, materialists. In addition to the above thinkers, still can be encountered thinkers such as al-Thuser (1918-1990 AD), Pierre Bourdieu (1930-1982 AD), Jacques Lacan (1901 AD) second typology, Post-structuralism. In this phase, the thought tinged with varieties of understanding in various aspects, as well as reviewing the article as a source of subjectivity and culture paradoxical, once a thing is secondary. Dissatisfaction with certain presuppositions about the subjectivity and language (eg, prioritizing speech than writing) will require the emergence of this idea. This typology is represented by Nietzsche (1844-1900 AD), the principle of which is proposed as a coherent and fundamental truth, variegated fact and appearance is to be idealistic. Next is Michel Foucault (1926-1984 AD), a historian, psychologist and sexolog the most brilliant of his time. The third typology, Post-Marxism. This typology is a further elaboration of Marxism with the character and patterns of thought are very different. They use Marx's critique to develop a strategy that actually leads to a 'modern capitalism'. The philosophers who have a tendency to think of post-Marxism are thinkers like Hannah Arendt, Jurgen Habermas and Theodor Adorno.
C. Flow Philosophy of Contemporary Islamic Thought. Philosophy in the Islamic world is the seed of renewal, although the results of assimilation of foreign culture. But unfortunately never breathe long. In the eastern Islamic world, philosophy disappeared for services Hujjatul Islam al-Imam al-Ghozali, with his book al-Falasifah Tahafut. Being in the western Islamic world, the death of philosophy after the death of Ibn Rushd (1198 AD) ended the Peripatetic filssafat influence. After this, the philosophy is geographically moved to Negri Mullahs, Iran, as a result of the influence of Greek and Hindu metaphysics. Then we can know Arabim Ibn al-Hallaj, and Suhrawardi al-Maqtul as warriors renowned Persian gnostic philosophy. Then Islam experienced a period of scholastic (darkness) that lasted less than two centuries. Infasi Islam awakened by Napoleon Bonaparte in Egypt in 1798, followed by the establishment of the country-independent country in the name of nationalism. While the Ottoman dynasty as a representation of the power of Islam at that time, had been paralyzed and undermined the outside-in. The arrival of Napoleon is the starting point of the renewal of the Arab-Islamic thought. Then came another reconstructive thinkers such as Jamal al-Din al-Afghani and Muhammad Abduh. They agreed to combat underdevelopment and colonialism that is based on the rationalist interpretations of the verses of God. Motion radical western thought that pinned Immanuel Kant as the culmination of the modernization of philosophy to carve a wide range of considerations humanist-rationalist who should not be arbitrarily dialienasikan, let alone assessed as a modern form of colonialism over the Islamic world. Feminism, rationalism and modernism are the facts of struggle scholars who seek to issue a treasury of Islamic thought from the stagnation period in which the scholastic religion, lapukan historical and scientific literature has become God. Ideology described by al-Jabri on the Arab-Islamic world still understood literally and gave birth to antipathy towards the development of Western thought. Angan mythological or mysticism that have plagued the Islamic modernism is only fitting then put dihancurlantakkan inclusive attitude as a bridge renewal.
D. Pilar Pilar Contemporary Philosophy Philosophy has spawned an appreciation and a great response in the history of thought and raises pillars - the pillars of Contemporary Philosophy. The first pillar is ethics, which is the result of reflection morality which then spawned schools of philosophy developed by philosophers. In understanding ethics as a doctrine of the art of living, or putting a happiness to the center of ethics (Aristotle), and then this thought direligiuskan by Thomas Aquinas. And Immanuel Kant makes ethics which was originally the art of living becomes ethical obligations, and this gave birth to the central concept of modern ethics, namely the concept of moral autonomy. This thinking further, later developed by George Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel and combined with the theory of dialectics. The second pillar is the phenomenology, with the central figure hussel Edmund (1859-1938) phenomenology is one of the most influential currents of thought in the 20th century. In general phenomenology phenomenon born of the issues that were brought to public space --pertama kali-- by Hegel with absolute spirit. Husserl then defines phenomenology as the science of appearances (phenomena), and for Husserl talks about the essence of existence is outside working in vain, and it is this which distinguishes phenomenology of Husserl with fenomenologinya Hegel and Kant. The philosophers were influenced by phenomenology is Derrida, Kierkegard, Cascirer. The third pillar is eksisitensialisme. Existentialism is no longer discuss the questions the essence and nature, but rather emphasize issues surrounding existence. An existentialist philosophers, such as Sartre, worked hard on issues of essence and existence, which later led to a thesis that "existence precedes essence". And this reverse thinking tradition of Western philosophy since Plato, who always said that existence precedes essence. The fourth pillar is the philosophy of culture. When seen from a philosophical standpoint will bear subjective and objective dimensions. Where is the power of subjective dimension that makes the product (nature) becomes a better product, while the objective dimension is the result of power activities earlier.
CHAPTER III
CLOSING
CONCLUSION kotemporer Philosophy is a philosophy that occur at the present time or is happening at the moment that is not bound by the rules of the rules of the past and develop in accordance with today. So contemporary is not the same as modern, as modern is the present that is past. After the era of modern or post Immanuel Kant, appeared philosophical stream flow kotemporer including structuralism typology, typology Post-structuralism, post-Marxism typology. Arab Islamic philosophy bankit after the arrival of colonialist - imperialist in the Middle East region, with metransformasikan philosophy of western philosophy to Egypt in particular. Reflection of morality that spawned flow created alira philosophy of the pillars of philosophy is ethics, phenomenology, existentialism, the philosophy of culture and hermeneutics.
A list of the REFERENCES
1. Donny Gahral Adian, pillars Contemporary Philosophy, Jalasutra, Yogyakarta, Edition: First, in 2002.
Russell, B. 1911. Russell, B. 1911. "Le realism analytique", Bulletin de la Société française de "Le analytique realism", Bulletin de la Société de francaise
PRELIMINARY
A. BACKGROUND The contemporary world shows logical organization increasingly complex to understand and paradoxical effects on the individual: it feels increasingly subject to logic, but also free to interpret, express and build their own individuality, rather than in the past. The problems faced by citizens both locally and globally is the theoretical formulation in a number of core philosophy that raises new issues clear and profound. And this limitation is not a reflection of reality but is essentially a dialogue between past and present in an attempt to outline the future. Thus, contemporary philosophy includes
rereading, reinterpretation, transformations and recreation that is us as humans from the earliest times until our present history. Genealogy of our present allows us to advance, so in the search for additional and new ways of thinking. The specialization in Contemporary Philosophy is a privileged space as possible to tackle some of the major debates and contemporary problems through the minds of the most influential philosophers in contemporary times.
B. RUMUSA PROBLEM Based on the above background, this paper-making formula is as follows:
1. Is it a philosophy?
2. What are the limits of modern-contemporary?
3. How arat and contemporary philosophy in Islam?
4. Who figures - figures kotemporer philosophy?
C. OBJECTIVES In this simple paper, the authors will attempt to describe contemporary philosophy in the West and Islam. Descriptively explained multiple streams / sects of philosophy and philosophers, as well as his thoughts. How does this impact on Islam in the contemporary era, a period of revival? With the hope of a simple description is to serve as a motivation towards renewal.
CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION
A. Understanding Philosophy, etymologically a loan word from Greek, Philoshopia, which means 'Philo' is love, while 'shopia' means wisdom or wisdom. So can we draw conclusions, love the wisdom that is the philosophy of science. However, when we look from a practical standpoint, it means that the mind or nature to think, philosophize means to think deeply and seriously. Being the word "contemporary" itself has a very close correlation with the "modern". Two words that have no future with certainty fragment. "Contemporary" is contemporary, at the same time and the present. Semenatara "modern" was now already past, but is relevansif until now. Because there is no permanence in kontemperer era, modern elapsed from the present moment can not be called contemporary. Contemporary philosophy can also be interpreted in that way, that way of looking and thinking deeply concerning life during this time. This contemporary philosophy often associated with postmodernism, because postmodernism which means "after modern" is a logical result of the contemporary era. Postmodernism presupposes freedom, and do not always have to be symmetrical. Examples of postmodern art building not too concerned with aspects of the balance in the form of the building, but pleased that construct or the corresponding request. Returning again to the idea of contemporary art moved from earlier buildings, as well as the contemporary philosophical thought is free. Freedom in using theory, respond to, and criticized for the freedom of an original thing. Therefore, contemporary philosophy is an extension of human thought from common things become very specific and related to other special things.
B. Flow of Thought of Contemporary Western Philosophy. In the era of "modern" Western nations -dilewati post Immanuel Kant, two and a half centuries ago the western nations live with the concept of a new value system, socio-cultural structure is the same, with previous pre-requisite Rational, also with original characteristics. As far as relevant contemporary western philosophical thought periodically, there are several schools of thought dominant lively. First, the typology of structuralism. This typology focuses on society as a system, where certain phenomena-fenommena describe "a complete social reality.", Or the foundation of epistemology (canguilhen) will shift the core discussion of essentialist thinking about society and knowledge to the discourse that sees it as ciri- structural characteristics of this phenomenon, either differential or relational characteristics. This typology is represented by Gaston Bachelard, an epistemological, philosophers of science and teoritisasi about imagination. He was a key figure of the generation of structuralist and post-srukturalis in the postwar era. George Canguilhem, a pioneer of the philosophy of knowledge, rationality and of the concept-philosophy of the foundation is more viscous. Furthermore, the father of psychoanalysis, Sigmund Freud (1856-1939 AD) is a highly controversial figure with the hypothesis that a very terrible. Especially for the theologians who saw Freud just as atheists, materialists. In addition to the above thinkers, still can be encountered thinkers such as al-Thuser (1918-1990 AD), Pierre Bourdieu (1930-1982 AD), Jacques Lacan (1901 AD) second typology, Post-structuralism. In this phase, the thought tinged with varieties of understanding in various aspects, as well as reviewing the article as a source of subjectivity and culture paradoxical, once a thing is secondary. Dissatisfaction with certain presuppositions about the subjectivity and language (eg, prioritizing speech than writing) will require the emergence of this idea. This typology is represented by Nietzsche (1844-1900 AD), the principle of which is proposed as a coherent and fundamental truth, variegated fact and appearance is to be idealistic. Next is Michel Foucault (1926-1984 AD), a historian, psychologist and sexolog the most brilliant of his time. The third typology, Post-Marxism. This typology is a further elaboration of Marxism with the character and patterns of thought are very different. They use Marx's critique to develop a strategy that actually leads to a 'modern capitalism'. The philosophers who have a tendency to think of post-Marxism are thinkers like Hannah Arendt, Jurgen Habermas and Theodor Adorno.
C. Flow Philosophy of Contemporary Islamic Thought. Philosophy in the Islamic world is the seed of renewal, although the results of assimilation of foreign culture. But unfortunately never breathe long. In the eastern Islamic world, philosophy disappeared for services Hujjatul Islam al-Imam al-Ghozali, with his book al-Falasifah Tahafut. Being in the western Islamic world, the death of philosophy after the death of Ibn Rushd (1198 AD) ended the Peripatetic filssafat influence. After this, the philosophy is geographically moved to Negri Mullahs, Iran, as a result of the influence of Greek and Hindu metaphysics. Then we can know Arabim Ibn al-Hallaj, and Suhrawardi al-Maqtul as warriors renowned Persian gnostic philosophy. Then Islam experienced a period of scholastic (darkness) that lasted less than two centuries. Infasi Islam awakened by Napoleon Bonaparte in Egypt in 1798, followed by the establishment of the country-independent country in the name of nationalism. While the Ottoman dynasty as a representation of the power of Islam at that time, had been paralyzed and undermined the outside-in. The arrival of Napoleon is the starting point of the renewal of the Arab-Islamic thought. Then came another reconstructive thinkers such as Jamal al-Din al-Afghani and Muhammad Abduh. They agreed to combat underdevelopment and colonialism that is based on the rationalist interpretations of the verses of God. Motion radical western thought that pinned Immanuel Kant as the culmination of the modernization of philosophy to carve a wide range of considerations humanist-rationalist who should not be arbitrarily dialienasikan, let alone assessed as a modern form of colonialism over the Islamic world. Feminism, rationalism and modernism are the facts of struggle scholars who seek to issue a treasury of Islamic thought from the stagnation period in which the scholastic religion, lapukan historical and scientific literature has become God. Ideology described by al-Jabri on the Arab-Islamic world still understood literally and gave birth to antipathy towards the development of Western thought. Angan mythological or mysticism that have plagued the Islamic modernism is only fitting then put dihancurlantakkan inclusive attitude as a bridge renewal.
D. Pilar Pilar Contemporary Philosophy Philosophy has spawned an appreciation and a great response in the history of thought and raises pillars - the pillars of Contemporary Philosophy. The first pillar is ethics, which is the result of reflection morality which then spawned schools of philosophy developed by philosophers. In understanding ethics as a doctrine of the art of living, or putting a happiness to the center of ethics (Aristotle), and then this thought direligiuskan by Thomas Aquinas. And Immanuel Kant makes ethics which was originally the art of living becomes ethical obligations, and this gave birth to the central concept of modern ethics, namely the concept of moral autonomy. This thinking further, later developed by George Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel and combined with the theory of dialectics. The second pillar is the phenomenology, with the central figure hussel Edmund (1859-1938) phenomenology is one of the most influential currents of thought in the 20th century. In general phenomenology phenomenon born of the issues that were brought to public space --pertama kali-- by Hegel with absolute spirit. Husserl then defines phenomenology as the science of appearances (phenomena), and for Husserl talks about the essence of existence is outside working in vain, and it is this which distinguishes phenomenology of Husserl with fenomenologinya Hegel and Kant. The philosophers were influenced by phenomenology is Derrida, Kierkegard, Cascirer. The third pillar is eksisitensialisme. Existentialism is no longer discuss the questions the essence and nature, but rather emphasize issues surrounding existence. An existentialist philosophers, such as Sartre, worked hard on issues of essence and existence, which later led to a thesis that "existence precedes essence". And this reverse thinking tradition of Western philosophy since Plato, who always said that existence precedes essence. The fourth pillar is the philosophy of culture. When seen from a philosophical standpoint will bear subjective and objective dimensions. Where is the power of subjective dimension that makes the product (nature) becomes a better product, while the objective dimension is the result of power activities earlier.
CHAPTER III
CLOSING
CONCLUSION kotemporer Philosophy is a philosophy that occur at the present time or is happening at the moment that is not bound by the rules of the rules of the past and develop in accordance with today. So contemporary is not the same as modern, as modern is the present that is past. After the era of modern or post Immanuel Kant, appeared philosophical stream flow kotemporer including structuralism typology, typology Post-structuralism, post-Marxism typology. Arab Islamic philosophy bankit after the arrival of colonialist - imperialist in the Middle East region, with metransformasikan philosophy of western philosophy to Egypt in particular. Reflection of morality that spawned flow created alira philosophy of the pillars of philosophy is ethics, phenomenology, existentialism, the philosophy of culture and hermeneutics.
A list of the REFERENCES
1. Donny Gahral Adian, pillars Contemporary Philosophy, Jalasutra, Yogyakarta, Edition: First, in 2002.
Russell, B. 1911. Russell, B. 1911. "Le realism analytique", Bulletin de la Société française de "Le analytique realism", Bulletin de la Société de francaise
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